You're not wrong, Flash!:).

There is a certain inexorable logic to the way early 60s DC comics are written. You can almost hear the editor's voice saying, 'plug in every gap of understanding and take the reader through every step of the way!' Flash isn't wrong when he says 'The elaborate costumes of my foes are always superbly tailored! Yet they aren't tailors!....I've wondered if there isn't some real tailor....". Incredible deductive reasoning Flash! Batman would be proud of you!:). From Flash # 141, December 1963.

A 38 year old surprise

Back in 1982 I had my first letter published in X-Men # 161. An English fan wrote to me having seen my LOC and his letter got to me before the comic got to New Zealand (all comics sea mail in those days, the on sale date mirrored the cover date so  the September X-Men on sale in September).

 I've lost the letter he wrote me but I kept a copy of the letter I wrote which I marked up at the time to show how Marvel improved my 16 year old expression...:).

Inside story: the strange yet sweet Lois Lane # 106

Can anyone really understand someone else? Can you see the world from where I sit? Do you know who I am? 

It takes empathy, patience, curiosity to answer these questions, qualities which are in short supply now in a divided world and a divided States. Fifty years ago today Robert Kanigher, of all people, posed and tried to answer these questions in the strange yet sweet Lois Lane # 106 (cover dated November 1970, publication date 24 September, 1970), in the story “I Am Curious (Black)!” 

Nine years after John Howard Griffin had his skin temporarily darkened to pass as a black man for his book ‘Black Like Me’, Bob Kanigher, at a time of huge protest against racism by groups such as the Black Panthers and against sexism by the burgeoning second wave feminist movement, decided to use Superman’s ‘plastimold machine’ to turn Lois black.

Angela Davis, Time Magazine, 31 August 1970, page 12

Even at the time, perhaps particularly at the time, writing a story like this risks trivialising the lives and experience of black people. Ideally, a black writer and artist, people who have experienced racism, would communicate directly to the audience, unmediated by a 55- year old white guy (Kanigher was born in 1915). You wonder how someone like the Black Panthers’ Angela Davis, on the run at the time of publication, accused of (abetting) murder, would have viewed this comic.

So how could a superhero comic book aimed at 12 years olds ever hope to even come close to a treatment of racism that’s going to help? Yet in its own simple, relevant, way, ‘I Am Curious Black’ deals directly with racism in a way which modern mainstream comics don’t really attempt, even while we live in sadly, similar, times.

The story is confrontational from the get-go splash page where a black Lois asks Superman if he would marry her ‘just the way I am?’, now that she is black and he is white. Right away you understand that this story is aimed at a white readership. Kanigher had introduced DC’s first black character Jackie Johnson in Our Army at War # 113 (December 1961, publication date 3 October 1961) and then (with Nick Cardy) Mal Duncan (Teen Titans # 26, Mar/April 1970, publication date 15 January 1970). DC was only just starting to introduce black characters and the vast majority of its readership would have been white*.

At a time when DC Editorial Director Carmine Infantino objected to the scene above in Teen Titans # 26 where a black Mal Duncan kissed a white Lilith Clay goodbye, reputedly the first inter-racial kiss in comics (and editor Dick Giordano coloured it blue to draw less attention), Lois Lane # 106 surely sent shockwaves through the readership and parents alike. Years of pent-up desire for equality delivered a dialectical slap in the face to the big red S and to us as readers. An unrestrained antithesis to the dominant thesis of the times about race. When racist views were so entrenched and unexamined, Kanigher deliberately shocked so a new voice could be heard.

He sends Lois on a journey of transformation from carefree, comfortable, complacent white journalist to becoming someone who understands just a little bit of what it is like for others, by becoming other. She feels the rejection, the distrust, the confusion when her well-intentioned attempts to talk to black people for a patronising little feature on ‘Metropolis’ Little Africa’, are rebuffed. A blind black woman walks away because she ‘hears’ Lois is white. Lois listens to a black man speak angrily about the roles white people will ‘accept’ black people having while they resist true equality. Lois begins to see the world though another’s eyes.

Now transformed to being black for a day by the Plastimold machine, Lois feels the rejection, distrust, confusion, she felt as a white woman all over again, as a black woman.

She meets a black woman and is invited into her apartment and sees how others live. She is touched by someone who has very little but who still wants to give.

Lois re-meets the black man she met earlier and experiences his sexism. When he is shot by gangsters, Lois provides the blood transfusion he needs to live.

The effect of the story is uplifting. It ends on a simple moment of hope and unity, one personal connection by two imperfect people who have been transformed just enough to begin to hear each other. You could never pretend that Lois Lane # 106 is a sophisticated commentary on racism but neither is it just a dated time capsule. The difficult, reportedly egotistical, tyrannical Kanigher, who could be abusive to his National/DC colleagues managed to display the very personal qualities he lacked, in his art, empathy, patience, curiosity. The world of the young National/DC reader of 1970 was the better for it. Fifty years later, so are we.

* Demographic studies of black readership of comics are hard to find. I did find a 2017 Bleeding Cool report (see below) quoting NPD Bookscan’s breakdown showing that in the US African-American readers made up 13 per cent of the market (61 per cent were white) and worldwide, 14 per cent of readers are black (71 per cent are white). Given the relative paucity of black creators and characters in 1970 compared with relatively greater diversity now, I think it’s a safe assumption to make that in 1970, the number of black readers was even smaller as a percentage of overall readers of comics. If you have links to studies of comic book reader demographics please post them in the comments field below.

Research this article: 

Eury, Michael (2003). Dick Giordiano: Changing Comics, One Day at a TimeTwoMorrows Publishing. pp. 51–52. ISBN 9781893905276

Hudson, Laura, Wired, It’s Time to Get Real About Racial Diversity in Comics

Johnston, Richard, Bleeding Cool, Report: 63 % Of Comics Bought By Men, 37 % By Women

Michael Mead is a 54 year old New Zealand comic book collector, who likes to think he can do "contextual" commentary reviews of old comics, asking: "where does this story come from?", looking at the social, political, cultural times it came from, the state of the comics industry, the personal and creative journey of the writer or artist, the personal journey of the reader as a child and as an adult. 

Golden memories from a Golden Age

The 1980s were the Golden Age of DC  anniversary issues. I have all of these except for the Adventure and the World's Finest. Being able to consistently buy new, original DCs was still a new feeling in the early to mid 80s, with comic shops just starting in NZ, after years of mostly only KG Murray black and white Aussie reprints.

I sent away for Justice League # 200 to Donald Whyte of Buffalo, New York after seeing his ad in the first price guide I bought, the 1982-3 edition. The thrill of receiving what was my first overseas parcel and reading that comic featuring my favourite superhero team was just overwhelming. I read it so many times and Gerry Conway delivered a great story with fantastic art by Perez.

https://13thdimension.com/the-top-13-dc-comics-bronze-age-anniversary-issues-ranked/

Friends don't give up on you: X-Men # 137

40 years ago this month, I bought X-Men # 137 off the stand from a Willis St Wellington newsagent, just down from where Unity Books is now. I had yet to discover the place in Manners Mall which placed price stickers on the covers instead of writing the NZ price on the front.

I read # 137 over and over, I even exhorted it to my mother. It filled my 14 year old world with wonder, excitement and emotion. When Jean died, it hit me in the gut. The refusal of a group of friends to give up on each other and the ultimate self-sacrifice.

I later learned that Jim Shooter had overruled writer Chris Claremont who wanted Jean to survive. No hero nor heroine or villain is ever truly dead of course but this was one of the few creative decisions I think Shooter got right.

X-Men # 137 cost me 90 cents, a fair proportion of my pocket money for doing chores around the house. It delivered far more value than that to me and today it is a priceless memory:).